Open-Source Three-Phase Energy Meter: Simplifying Home Electricity Monitoring- Zeruns's Blog

Built a Three-Phase Power Meter for Home Energy Monitoring

This device can measure three-phase current, voltage, power, power factor, and energy consumption, with data uploaded to HomeAssistant for real-time monitoring of household electricity usage.

It uses three PZEM-004T power measurement modules, communicates via serial with an ESP32-C3, and uploads data to HomeAssistant over WiFi (self-hosted; I used a Raspberry Pi 4). The ESP32-C3 runs firmware developed with ESPHome.

This module can only measure the voltage between each phase and the neutral line, not the line-to-line voltage.

Voltage measurement range: 80-260V
Current range: 100A
Measurement accuracy: 0.5%

You need to manually configure the addresses of the three PZEM-004T modules to 0x01, 0x02, and 0x03 using the provided software.

Warning: This project involves high voltage. Ensure safety and always operate with the power turned off!

For setup instructions on HomeAssistant + ESPHome, please refer to online tutorials.

Electronics & Embedded Systems Discussion Group: 2169025065

Hardware Images

Monitoring Dashboard

Circuit Diagram

PCB Layout

3D Enclosure Model

Downloads

Open-source project link: https://oshwhub.com/zeruns/san-xiang-dian-liang-dian-can-shu-shu-ju-cai-ji-san-xiang-dian-ya-dian-liu-gong-lv-gong-lv-yin-shu-yong-dian-liang

123 Cloud Drive (unlimited speed): https://url.zeruns.com/PbpP8 Code: jjRr

Baidu Cloud Drive: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1XCi1AY6M1G0weNuuVJu01w?pwd=qhrc Code: qhrc

Included files:

3D enclosure model
Three-phase power meter Gerber files
LCSC EDA project files
PZEM-004T module manual
PZEM-004T module configuration software
ESPHome configuration files

Component Purchase Links

LilyGO CORE-ESP32C3 Board: https://s.click.taobao.com/GsKSHxt
PZEM-004T Module: https://s.click.taobao.com/cnHOHxt
HLK-10M05 Power Module: https://s.click.taobao.com/quMNHxt
0805 Resistor/Capacitor Set: https://u.jd.com/fqAElBD
AHT10 Sensor: https://s.click.taobao.com/WuhMHxt
Recommended purchase from LCSC: LCSC Store

ESPHome Configuration File

#include "esphome.h"
#include "esphome/time/real_time_clock.h"
#include "esphome/sntp/sntp_component.h"
#include "esphome/core/time.h"

# Define the project name and friendly name
esphome:
  name: powerbox
  friendly_name: PowerBox
  # Specify the development board and framework
  platformio_options:
    board_build.flash_mode: dio
    board_build.mcu: esp32c3

esp32:
  board: esp32-c3-devkitm-1
  framework:
    #type: esp-idf
    type: arduino

# Enable logging
logger:
  #hardware_uart: USB_SERIAL_JTAG
  #level: DEBUG # defaults to DEBUG, NONE ERROR WARN INFO DEBUG VERBOSE VERY_VERBOSE

# Enable Home Assistant API with encryption key
api:
  encryption:
    key: "wZG666DZ5zsg6666Po6204w666kA+8u666soeGlKtBU=" # Replace with your own key
    
# Enable OTA updates with a password
ota:
  password: "c368c9c66658f3433f6226667d4d2232"  # Replace with your own key

network:
    enable_ipv6: true

wifi:
  ssid: "blog.zeruns.com"  # WiFi network name
  password: "123456789"     # WiFi password
  reboot_timeout: 60s        # Reboot timeout if connection fails

  # Enable AP mode as a fallback option
  ap:
    ssid: "Powerbox Fallback Hotspot"
    password: "ZMpKTpHJ67EF"
    
# Manually set the IP address for use without a DHCP server
  manual_ip:
    static_ip: 192.168.0.201
    gateway: 192.168.0.1
    subnet: 255.255.255.0
    dns1: 192.168.0.1

captive_portal:
    
# Enable web server to allow device control via HTTP
web_server:
  port: 80
  
# Enable I2C communication interface
i2c:
  - id: bus_a
    sda: 4
    scl: 5
    scan: true

# Enable UART communication interface
uart:
  rx_pin: 1
  tx_pin: 0
  baud_rate: 9600

# Enable Modbus protocol support
modbus:

# Configure sensors including temperature, humidity, and current sensors
sensor:
  # AHT10 sensor configuration
  - platform: aht10
    variant: AHT20
    i2c_id: bus_a
    temperature:
      name: "PowerBox-Temperature"  # Temperature sensor name
      id: AHT20_T
    humidity:
      name: "PowerBox-Humidity"  # Humidity sensor name
      id: AHT20_H
    update_interval: 30s  # Update interval: 30 seconds

  - platform: pzemac
    id: pzemac_A
    address: 0x01
    current:
      name: "A-Current"  # Current sensor name
    voltage:
      name: "A-Voltage"  # Voltage sensor name
    energy:
      name: "A-Energy"  # Energy sensor name
    power:
      name: "A-Power"  # Power sensor name
      id: A_POWER
    frequency:
      name: "A-Frequency"  # Frequency sensor name
    power_factor:
      name: "A-PowerFactor"  # Power factor sensor name
    update_interval: 9s  # Update interval: 9 seconds

  - platform: pzemac
    id: pzemac_B
    address: 0x02
    current:
      name: "B-Current"
    voltage:
      name: "B-Voltage"
    energy:
      name: "B-Energy"
    power:
      name: "B-Power"
      id: B_POWER
    frequency:
      name: "B-Frequency"
    power_factor:
      name: "B-PowerFactor"
    update_interval: 10s

  - platform: pzemac
    id: pzemac_C
    address: 0x03
    current:
      name: "C-Current"
    voltage:
      name: "C-Voltage"
    energy:
      name: "C-Energy"
    power:
      name: "C-Power"
      id: C_POWER
    frequency:
      name: "C-Frequency"
    power_factor:
      name: "C-PowerFactor"
    update_interval: 11s

  - platform: wifi_signal # Reports WiFi signal strength (RSSI) in dB
    name: "WiFi Signal dB"
    id: wifi_signal_db
    update_interval: 60s
    entity_category: "diagnostic"

  - platform: copy # Reports WiFi signal strength in %
    source_id: wifi_signal_db
    name: "WiFi Signal Percent"
    filters:
      - lambda: return min(max(2 * (x + 100.0), 0.0), 100.0);
    unit_of_measurement: "Signal %"
    entity_category: "diagnostic"
    device_class: ""

status_led:
  pin: GPIO8    

time:
  - platform: sntp
    id: current_time
    timezone: Asia/Shanghai
    servers:
     - ntp.aliyun.com
     - ntp.tencent.com
     - stdtime.gov.hk
    on_time:
      - seconds: 0
        minutes: 0
        hours: 0
        days_of_month: 1
        then:
          - pzemac.reset_energy: pzemac_A  # Reset energy counter for sensor A on the 1st of each month at midnight
          - pzemac.reset_energy: pzemac_B  # Reset energy counter for sensor B
          - pzemac.reset_energy: pzemac_C  # Reset energy counter for sensor C
    on_time_sync:
      then:
        - logger.log: "Synchronized system clock"

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目录CONTENT

Open-Source Three-Phase Energy Meter: Simplifying Home Electricity Monitoring